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2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
2022年全国新高考Ⅰ卷适用地区:山东、广东、福建、江苏、湖南、湖北、河北
第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature
90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.
Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2-15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.
Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(作业)duringthecourse.AlltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.
DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTest/GroupWork/Homework(10%)
nClassactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytocompleteshortin-classwritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass’lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.
Anessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotcompletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.
21.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?
22.Howmanypartsisastudent’sfinalgrademadeupof?
23.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?
Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.Thearugula(芝麻菜)wastomakeanicegreensalad,roundingoutaroastchickendinner.ButIendedupworkinglate.Thenfriendscalledwithadinnerinvitation.Istuckthechickeninthefreezer.Butasdayspassed,thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.
Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,“foodwastegoesagainstthemoralgrain,”asElizabethRoytewritesinthismonth’scoverstory.It’sjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway-from“ugly”(butquiteeatable)vegetablesrejectedbygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbagecans.
Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andotherresourcesusedtogrowit.Thatmakesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.Infact,Roytewrites,“iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.”
Ifthat’shardtounderstand,let’skeepitassimpleasthearugulaatthebackofmyrefrigerator.MikeCurtinseesmyarugulastoryallthetime-butforhim,it’smorelike12boxesofdonatedstrawberriesnearingtheirlastdays.CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington.D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished(有瑕疵的)producethatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreezeordrythemforuseinmealsdowntheroad.
Suchmethodsseemobvious,yersooftenwejustdon’tthink.“Everyonecanplayapartinreducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonotincludethesidedishyouwon’teat.”Curtinsays.
24.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthearugulastory?
A.Wepaylittleattentiontofoodwaste.
B.Wewastefoodunintentionallyattimes.
C.Wewastemorevegetablesthanmeat.
D.Wehavegoodreasonsforwastingfood.
25.Whatisaconsequenceoffoodwasteaccordingtothetext?
26.WhatdoesCurtin’scompanydo?
B.Itturnsrottenarugulaintocleanfuel.
C.Ithelpslocalfarmersgrowfruits.
D.Itmakesmealsoutofunwantedfood.
27.WhatdoesCurtinsuggestpeopledo?
Theelderlyresidents(居民)incarehomesinLondonarebeinggivenhenstolookaftertostopthemfeelinglonely.
Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity(慈善组织)toreducelonelinessandimproveelderlypeople’swellbeing.Itisalsobeingusedtohelppatientssufferingdementia,aseriousillnessofthemind.Staffincarehomeshavereportedareductionintheuseofmedicinewherehensareinuse.
Amongthosetakingpartintheprojectis80-year-oldRuthXavier.Shesaid:“IusedtokeephenswhenIwasyoungerandhadtopreparetheirbreakfasteachmorningbeforeIwenttoschool.
“Iliketheprojectalot.Iamdownthereinmywheelchairinthemorninglettingthehensoutanddownthereagainatnighttoseethey’vegonetobed.
“It’sgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeenbringingtheirchildrenintoseethehensandresidentscomeandsitoutsidetowatchthem.I’menjoyingthecreativeactivities,anditfeelsgreattohavedonesomethinguseful.”
Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast,andthecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupporttorollitoutcountrywide.
WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkontheproject,said:“Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.”
LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:“Wearehappytobetakingpartintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities.”
28.Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?
B.Toprovidepart-timejobsfortheaged.
C.Toraisemoneyformedicalresearch.
D.Topromotetheelderlypeople’swelfare.
29.HowhastheprojectaffectedRuthXavier?
B.Shehasgainedasenseofachievement.
D.Shehasdevelopedastrongpersonality.
30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon”meaninparagraph7?
31.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprojectfromthelasttwoparagraphs?
Humanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthecommon“m”and“a”totherareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.Butwhyarecertainsoundsmorecommonthanothers?Aground-breaking,five-yearstudyshowsthatdiet-relatedchangesinhumanbiteledtonewspeechsoundsthatarenowfoundinhalftheworld’slanguages.
Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentals,suchas“f”and“v”,weremorecommoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.NowateamofresearchersledbyDamiánBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose.
Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned(对齐),makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedbytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure(结构),makingiteasiertoproducesuchsounds.
TheteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththedevelopmentofagricultureintheNeolithicperiod.Foodbecameeasiertochewatthispoint.Thejawbonedidn’thavetodoasmuchworkandsodidn’tgrowtobesolarge.
AnalysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesoundofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof“f”and“v”increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhunter-gathererpeopletoday.
Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsoundswerepresentwhenhumanbeingsevolvedaround300,000yearsago.“Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarilyremainedstablesincetheappearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeechsoundsthatwefindtodayistheproductofacomplexinterplayofthingslikebiologicalchangeandculturalevolution,”saidStevenMoran,amemberoftheresearchteam.
32.WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDamiánBlasi’sresearchfocuson?
33.Whywasitdifficultforancienthumanadultstoproducelabiodentals?
A.Theyhadfewerupperteeththanlowerteeth.
B.Theycouldnotopenandclosetheirlipseasily.
C.Theirjawswerenotconvenientlystructured.
D.Theirlowerfrontteethwerenotlargeenough.
34.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?
A.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.
B.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.
C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.
D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.
35.WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?
A.Itiskeytoeffectivecommunication.
B.Itcontributesmuchtoculturaldiversity.
C.Itisacomplexanddynamicsystem.
D.Itdrivestheevolutionofhumanbeings.
第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分。满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartner.”Onereasonwas:“You’llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,”whileanotherread:“36”Withaworkoutpartner,youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffortasthereisasubtle(微妙)competition.
So,howdoyoufindaworkoutpartner?
Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.37Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?Thinkabouttheexercisesyouwouldliketodowithyourworkoutpartner.
Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butitprobablywon’tresultinausefulresponse.38Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym,thatpersonmustbelongtothesamegym.
Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.39
Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.40Overtime,bothofyouwillbenefit-yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.Thecore(核心)ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.
A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.
B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.
C.You'llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.
D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?
E.Howcanyouwriteagood"seekingtrainingpartner"notice?
F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.
G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.
Someofour41arefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwerelittle.Once,we42alongChalkCreek.Iwas43thatour15-month-oldboywouldfallintothecreek(小溪).Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.Hewas44,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.So45tyinghimup,Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.It46-hedidn’tendupinthecreek.Mythree-year-old,however,did.
Anothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclearwhenwe47,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly48ourpeacefulmorningtrip.The49pickedupandthunderrolled.Myhusbandstoppedfishingto50themotor.Nothing.Hetriedagain.No51.Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.Asweallsatthere52,afishermanpulledup,threwusaropeandtowed(拖)usback.Wewere53.
Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,wearefilledwithasenseof54,wonderingwhatcampingfunand55wewillexperiencenext.
41.A.ideasB.jokesC.memoriesD.discoveries
42.A.campedB.droveC.walkedD.cycled
43.A.annoyedB.surprisedC.disappointedD.worried
44.A.unhurtB.unfortunateC.uncomfortableD.unafraid
45.A.duetoB.insteadofC.apartfromD.asfor
46.A.workedB.happenedC.matteredD.changed
47.A.signedupB.calmeddownC.checkedoutD.headedoff
48.A.arrangedB.interruptedC.completedD.recorded
49.A.windB.noiseC.temperatureD.speed
51.A.luckB.answerC.wonderD.signal
52.A.patientlyB.tirelesslyC.doubtfullyD.helplessly
53.A.sorryB.braveC.safeD.right
54.A.reliefB.dutyC.prideD.excitement
55.A.failureB.adventureC.performanceD.conflict
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNationalPark(GPNP).56(cover)anareaaboutthreetimes57sizeofYellowstoneNationalPart,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparkinthecountry.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat58(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority59(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.
Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP60(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof"protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,61leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations".TheGPNP'smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate62(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,and63(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.
Giantpandasalsoserve64anumbrellaspecies(物种),bringingprotectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies65livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.
第四部分写作(共两节、满分40分)
假定你是校广播站英语节目“TalkandTalk”的负责人李华,请给外教Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括:
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Itwasthedayofthebigcross-countryrun.Studentsfromsevendifferentprimaryschoolsinandaroundthesmalltownwerewarmingupandwalkingtheroute(路线)throughthickevergreenforest.
IlookedaroundandfinallyspottedDavid,whowasstandingbyhimselfofftothesidebyafence.Hewassmallfortenyearsold.Hisusualbigtoothysmilewasabsenttoday.Iwalkedoverandaskedhimwhyhewasn'twiththeotherchildren.Hehesitatedandthensaidhehaddecidednottorun.
Whatwaswrong?Hehadworkedsohardforthisevent!
Iquicklysearchedthecrowdfortheschool'scoachandaskedhimwhathadhappened."Iwasafraidthatkidsfromotherschoolswouldlaughathim,"heexplaineduncomfortably."Igavehimthechoicetorunornot,andlethimdecide."
Ibitbackmyfrustration(懊恼).Iknewthecoachmeantwell-hethoughthewasdoingtherightthing.AftermakingsurethatDavidcouldrunifhewanted,Iturnedtofindhimcomingtowardsme,hissmallbodyrockingfromsidetosideasheswunghisfeetforward.
Davidhadabraindiseasewhichpreventedhimfromwalkingorrunninglikeotherchildren,butatschoolhisclassmatesthoughtofhimasaregularkid.Healwaysparticipatedtothebestofhisabilityinwhatevertheyweredoing.ThatwaswhynoneofthechildrenthoughtitunusualthatDavidhaddecidedtojointhecross-countryteam.Itjusttookhimlonger-that'sall.Davidhadnotmissedasinglepractice,andalthoughhealwaysfinishedhisrunlongaftertheotherchildren,hedidalwaysfinish.AsaspecialeducationteacherattheDavidfacedandwasschool,Iwasfamiliarwiththechallengesthechallengesproudofhisstrongdetermination.
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Wesatdownnexttoeachother,butDavidwouldn'tlookatme.
IwatchedasDavidmoveduptothestartinglinewiththeotherrunners.
今年高考读后续写原文故事情节简单清晰,讲述了David因为脑部疾病影响行动,教练担心他被嘲笑而让他选择是否继续参加比赛。David选择放弃,而“我”作为该学校特殊教育老师,决定帮助鼓励他参加比赛。故事语言相对易懂,内容贴近学生生活,让学生有话可写。所给两段段首句没有生词,降低了学生在审题上的困难。根据第二段段首句,David和其他选手一起站在起跑线,可以反推出作者在写作第一段成功说服David参加比赛,而从全文立意,情节传达正能量的考量,可以推出David跑完了比赛。在情节设计上,宜以作者与David的互动为落脚点。从语言一致角度考虑,续写宜选择较常见的动作描写、心理描写等。
第一段:我引起David注意——说服David参加比赛——David思考后决定参加比赛
第二段:我给予David鼓励——David坚持跑完——情感升华:David感受到挑战自我的成就感
David情绪变化:惊讶——犹豫——决心——成就感——感恩
推荐短语:noreasontodo,convincesbofsth,fulfilltheambition,signaltosbwithsth,takeadeepbreath,withallone’sstrength,inspiteof,outofbreath,senseofachievement
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